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The oldest known patriotic song in Canada, "The Bold Canadian", originated during the War of 1812. The lyrics celebrate the Canadian conquest of Detroit in the Michigan Territory.
It is believed that the song was written by a private Cornelius Flummerfelt from the Third York Militia's First Flank Company.
National Anthem
"O Canada", the national anthem of Canada, was written in 1880 by Calixa Lavallée. Effective July 1st, 1980, by an Act of Parliament, O Canada became Canada's official National Anthem.
O Canada!
Our home and native land!
True patriot love in all of us command.
With glowing hearts we see thee rise,
The True North strong and free!
From far and wide,
O Canada, we stand on guard for thee.
God keep our land glorious and free!
O Canada, we stand on guard for thee.
Royal Anthem
"God Save the Queen" is the royal anthem of Canada. There are various claims of authorship and several previous songs of similar style, but the first published version of what is almost the present tune appeared in 1744 in Thesaurus Musicus. The song has remained in use through Canada's progression to independence.
God save our gracious King
Long live our noble King,
God save The King:
Send him victorious,
Happy and glorious,
Long to reign over us:
God save The King.
Unofficial National Anthem
"The Maple Leaf Forever" is an unofficial national anthem. It was in consideration for official national anthem, ultimately losing out to "O Canada". Alexander Muir wrote the song in 1867, the year of Canada's Confederation.
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Music of the Maritimes
The music of Canada's Maritime provinces is heavily influenced by the music brought to the region by the European settlers, the most well known of which are the Scots & Irish Celtic and Acadian traditions.
Music of Newfoundland
Newfoundland's musical heritage is based on the Irish, English and Scottish traditions. Though similar in its Celtic influence to neighbouring Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland is more Irish than Scottish, and has more elements imported from English and French music than those provinces. Much of the region's music focuses on the strong seafaring tradition in the area.
French-Canadian
French settlers brought music with them. There has been much intermixing with the Celtic music. French-Canadian folk music is generally performed to accompany dances like the jig, jeux dansé, ronde, cotillion, and quadrille. The fiddle is a very common instrument. Other instruments include the accordion, spoons, bones, and jaw harps.
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